Electric Flux - NEET Physics Questions
Question 11: moderate

If the electric field is given by \[\left( 5\hat{i}+4\hat{j}+9\hat{k} \right)\] , the electric flux through a surface of area 20 unit lying in the Y-Z plane will be :

1. 100 unit
2. 80 unit
3. 180 unit
4. 20 unit
View Answer

The area vector \( \vec{A} \) for a surface in the \( YZ \)-plane points along the \( \hat{i} \)-direction, with magnitude \( A = 20 \). Thus,
\[
\vec{A} = 20\hat{i}.
\]

The electric field is given by:
\[
\vec{E} = 5\hat{i} + 4\hat{j} + 9\hat{k}.
\]

Flux \( \Phi \) is:
\[
\Phi = \vec{E} \cdot \vec{A} = (5\hat{i} + 4\hat{j} + 9\hat{k}) \cdot 20\hat{i}.
\]

Only the \( \hat{i} \)-component contributes:
\[
\Phi = 5 \times 20 = 100 \, \text{units}.
\]

Question 12: moderate

Which of the following is sufficient condition for finding the electric flux Φ through a closed surface?

1. If the magnitude of \( \overrightarrow{E}\) is known everywhere on the surface
2. If the total charge inside the surface is specified
3. If the total charge outside the surface is specified
4. Only if the location of each point charge inside the surface is specified
View Answer

Specifying the total charge inside the surface is a sufficient condition for finding the electric flux \( \Phi \) through a closed surface.

According to Gauss's law:
\[
\Phi = \frac{q_{\text{enclosed}}}{\varepsilon_0}
\]

The flux depends only on the enclosed charge \( q_{\text{enclosed}} \), regardless of the surface's shape or the charge distribution.

Question 13: moderate

A charge \(Q\) \(mu\text{C}\) is placed at the centre of a cube. The flux coming out from any one of its faces will be (in SI unit)

1. \(\frac{Q}{6ε_0} times 10^{-3}\)
2. \( \frac{Q}{6ε_0} times 10^{-6}\)
3. \( \frac{Q}{ε_0} times 10^{-6}\)
4. \( \frac{2Q}{3ε_0} times 10^{-3}\)
View Answer

By Gauss's law, the total flux through the cube is \(\Phi = \frac{q_{\text{enclosed}}}{ε_0}\). Since the charge is at the center, the flux through one of the six faces is \(\Phi_1 = \frac{\Phi}{6} = \frac{Q \times 10^{-6}}{6ε_0}\).