Ground to Ground Projectile - NEET Physics Questions
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Ground to Ground Projectile

Question 1:

The height y and the distance x along the horizontal plane of a projectile on a certain planet (with no surrounding atmosphere) are given by y = (8t – 5t²) meter and x = 6t meter, where t is in second. The velocity with which the projectile is projected is :

1. 8 m/sec
2. 6 m/sec
3. 10 m/sec
4. Not obtainable from the data
View Answer

Given:

\[
y = 8t - 5t^2 \quad \text{and} \quad x = 6t
\]

To find the initial velocity, we calculate the horizontal and vertical components of velocity:

1. Horizontal velocity \( v_x = \frac{dx}{dt} = 6 \, \text{m/s} \)
2. Vertical velocity \( v_y = \frac{dy}{dt} = 8 - 10t \)

At \( t = 0 \) (initial velocity):

\[
v_y(0) = 8 \, \text{m/s}
\]

Thus, the magnitude of the initial velocity \( u \) is:

\[
u = \sqrt{v_x^2 + v_y^2} = \sqrt{6^2 + 8^2} = \sqrt{36 + 64} = \sqrt{100} = 10 \, \text{m/s}
\]

The velocity of projection is \( 10 \, \text{m/s} \).

Question 2:

The maximum height reached by projectile is 4 m. The horizontal range is 12m. The velocity of projection in ms–¹ is : (g is acceleration due to gravity) :

1. \[5\sqrt{g/2}\]
2. \[3\sqrt{g/2}\]
3. \[1/3\sqrt{g/2}\]
4. \[1/5\sqrt{g/2}\]
View Answer

We Know that,

\[ \frac{R}{H}=\frac{4}{tan\theta}\]

\[ tan \theta = 4/3 \]

\[ H = \frac{u^{2}sin^{2}\theta}{2g} \]

Solving we get

\[ u= 5\sqrt{g/2}\]

Question 3:

The equation of motion of a projectile is \[y=12x-\frac{3}{4}x^{2}\] . What is the range of the projectile?

1. 18 m
2. 16 m
3. 12 m
4. 21.6 m
View Answer

The equation of motion of the projectile is given as:

\[
y = 12x - \frac{3}{4}x^2
\]

At the range, \( y = 0 \). To find the range, set \( y = 0 \) and solve for \( x \):

\[
0 = 12x - \frac{3}{4}x^2
\]

Multiply the entire equation by 4 to eliminate the fraction:

\[
0 = 48x - 3x^2
\]

Factor the equation:

\[
0 = x(48 - 3x)
\]

This gives two solutions:

\[
x = 0 \quad \text{or} \quad 48 - 3x = 0
\]

Solving for \( x \):

\[
x = \frac{48}{3} = 16
\]

Question 4:

A particle is projected at 60° to the horizontal with a kinetic energy K. The kinetic energy at the highest point is :

1. K/2
2. K
3. Zero
4. K/4
View Answer

At the highest point of its trajectory, the vertical component of the velocity becomes zero, while the horizontal component remains unchanged.

Initial kinetic energy \( K \) is given by:

\[
K = \frac{1}{2} m u^2
\]

At the highest point, only the horizontal component of the velocity \( u \cos 60^\circ \) remains. Therefore, the kinetic energy at the highest point is due to this horizontal velocity:

\[
K_{\text{highest}} = \frac{1}{2} m (u \cos 60^\circ)^2
\]

Since \( \cos 60^\circ = \frac{1}{2} \):

\[
K_{\text{highest}} = \frac{1}{2} m \left(\frac{u}{2}\right)^2 = \frac{1}{4} \times \frac{1}{2} m u^2 = \frac{K}{2}
\]

Thus, the kinetic energy at the highest point is \( \frac{K}{2} \).

Question 5:

A particle is thrown with the speed u at an angle α with the horizontal. When the particle makes an angle β with the horizontal, its speed will be :

1. u cos α
2. u cos α sec β
3. u cos α cos β
4. u sec α cos β
View Answer

During Projectile motion horizontal component of velocity remains same so,

\[ u cos\alpha = v cos \beta \]

\[ \frac{u cos\alpha}{cos \beta} = v  \]

\[ {u .cos\alpha}.{sec \beta} = v \]

Question 6:

If a body A of mass M is thrown with velocity v at an angle 30° to the horizontal and another body B of same mass is thrown with same speed at an angle of 60° to the horizontal, the ratio of range of A and B will be :

1. 1: √3
2. √3 :1
3. 1:3
4. 1:1
View Answer

For Complementary angles ranges are equal

Question 7:

Three projectiles A, B and C are thrown from the same point in the same plane. Their trajectories are shown in the figure. Which of the following statement is true ?

1. The time of flight is the same for all the three
2. The launch speed is largest for particle C
3. The horizontal velocity component is largest for particle C
4. All of the above
View Answer

As maximum height is same is all three they will have same vertical speed.

Range of C is maximum so its horizontal speed is maximum.

Question 8:

A projectile of mass 100 g is fired with a velocity of 20 ms–¹ making an angle of 30° with the horizontal. As it rises to the highest point of its path, its momentum changes by (g = 10 ms–²) :

1. 1/2 kg ms–¹
2. 1 kg ms–¹
3. 2 kg ms–¹
4. None of these
View Answer

The momentum change occurs only in the vertical direction as the horizontal component of velocity remains constant throughout the flight.

### Initial vertical component of velocity:
\[
u_y = u \sin \theta = 20 \times \sin 30^\circ = 20 \times \frac{1}{2} = 10 \, \text{m/s}
\]

At the highest point, the vertical component of velocity becomes zero.

### Change in vertical velocity:
\[
\Delta v_y = u_y - 0 = 10 \, \text{m/s}
\]

### Mass of the projectile:
\[
m = 100 \, \text{g} = 0.1 \, \text{kg}
\]

### Change in momentum:
\[
\Delta p = m \times \Delta v_y = 0.1 \times 10 = 1 \, \text{kg m/s}
\]

Thus, the change in momentum is \( 1 \, \text{kg m/s} \).

Question 9:

A body is projected at an angle of 30° with the horizontal and with a speed of 30 ms–¹. What is the angle with the horizontal after 1.5 seconds ? (Take g = 10 ms–²)

1.
2. 30°
3. 60°
4. 90°
View Answer

To find the angle with the horizontal after 1.5 seconds, we calculate the horizontal and vertical components of velocity at that moment.

- Initial speed: \( u = 30 \, \text{m/s} \)
- Angle of projection: \( \theta = 30^\circ \)
- Horizontal component of velocity (remains constant):
\[
u_x = u \cos \theta = 30 \times \frac{\sqrt{3}}{2} = 15\sqrt{3} \, \text{m/s}
\]
- Vertical component of velocity after 1.5 seconds:
\[
u_y = u \sin \theta - g t = 30 \times \frac{1}{2} - 10 \times 1.5 = 15 - 15 = 0 \, \text{m/s}
\]

Since the vertical component is 0, the angle with the horizontal is:

\[
\text{Angle} = 0^\circ
\]

Thus, the angle with the horizontal after 1.5 seconds is \( 0^\circ \).

Question 10:

A projectile is fired from level ground at an angle θ above the horizontal. The elevation angle Φ of the highest point as seen from the launch point is related to θ by the relation :

1. \[tan\phi=\frac{1}{4}tan\theta\]
2. \[tan\phi=tan\theta\]
3. \[tan\phi=\frac{1}{2}tan\theta\]
4. \[tan\phi=2tan\theta\]
View Answer

\[ tan \phi= H/2R= \frac{1}{2}tan\theta \]