Rankers Physics

Magnetic Properties of Matter: Practice Problem & Solution

25. If the magnetic dipole moment of an atom of diamagnetic material, paramagnetic material and ferromagnetic material are denoted by $\mu_{d}$, $\mu_{p}$ and $\mu_{f}$ respectively, then (2005)
$\mu_{d} = 0$ and $\mu_{p} \neq 0$
$\mu_{d} \neq 0$ and $\mu_{p} = 0$
$\mu_{p} = 0$ and $\mu_{f} \neq 0$
$\mu_{d} \neq 0$ and $\mu_{f} \neq 0$

Solution Explained:

To solve this problem, we apply the core principles of Magnetic Properties of Matter. Understanding the underlying formula is key to arriving at the correct answer below:

Diamagnetic atoms have completely paired electrons, meaning no permanent magnetic dipole moment, so $\mu_{d} = 0$. Paramagnetic and ferromagnetic atoms have unpaired electrons and possess permanent dipole moments, so $\mu_{p} \neq 0$ and $\mu_{f} \neq 0$.

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