Modes of Heat Transfer – Rankers Physics

Heat Transfer - Conduction and Convection: Practice Problem & Solution

Assertion (A): Conduction usually takes place in solids, convection in liquids and gases and no medium is required for radiation. Reason (R): In conduction and convection, heat is transferred from one place to other by actual motion of heated material.  
Both (A) & (R) are true and the (R) is the correct explanation of the (A)
Both (A) & (R) are true but the (R) is not the correct explanation of the (A)
(A) is true but (R) is false
Both (A) and (R) are false

Solution Explained:

To solve this problem, we apply the core principles of Heat Transfer - Conduction and Convection. Understanding the underlying formula is key to arriving at the correct answer below:

Assertion (A) correctly describes the primary media for each mode of heat transfer: conduction in solids, convection in fluids (liquids and gases), and radiation requiring no medium. So, (A) is true. Reason (R) is false because in conduction (especially in solids), heat is transferred by molecular vibrations and collisions, not by the actual bulk motion of heated material. Bulk motion is characteristic of convection.

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