Solution:
Assertion (A) is true. Gravitational potential is defined as the work done to bring a unit mass from infinity (where potential is zero) to a point. Since gravity is attractive, this work is done by the field, resulting in negative potential. Reason (R) is true. All bodies on Earth are held by Earth's gravitational attraction, thus are gravitationally bound. The negative gravitational potential signifies that objects are bound in the gravitational field, so (R) is a correct explanation for (A).
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