Reason (R): A current-carrying conductor placed in a magnetic field experiences a force \( F = I L B sin \theta \).
Solution:
A current-carrying coil in a uniform magnetic field experiences a torque \( \tau = NIAB sin \alpha \), where \( \alpha \) is the angle between the area vector and the magnetic field. This torque and the resultant forces clearly depend on the coil's orientation, making (A) true. The force on a segment of a current-carrying conductor is given by \( F = ILB sin \theta \). This fundamental principle explains the origin of the forces acting on the sides of the coil, leading to the overall torque and forces in (A). Both (A) and (R) are true, and (R) is the correct explanation of (A).
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