Assertion (A): A rocket moves forward by pushing the surrounding air backward.
Reason (R): There is an equal and opposite reaction to every action.
Solution:
Assertion (A) is false; rockets achieve propulsion by expelling hot gases backward, not by pushing the surrounding air. They work in vacuum. Reason (R) is true, stating Newton's third law. Thus, (A) is false and (R) is true. Option (4) is selected as it correctly identifies (A) as false.
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