Solution:
To solve this, we can set up a linear relationship between the actual Celsius scale (0ºC to 100ºC) and the thermometer's faulty scale (20ºC to 150ºC).
1. Set up the linear equation:
The faulty thermometer's scale can be represented as:
\[
T_{\text{faulty}} = a \cdot T_{\text{actual}} + b
\]
Using the freezing point:
\[
20 = a \cdot 0 + b \Rightarrow b = 20
\]
Using the boiling point:
\[
150 = a \cdot 100 + 20
\]
\[
130 = 100a \Rightarrow a = 1.3
\]
So, the relation is:
\[
T_{\text{faulty}} = 1.3 \cdot T_{\text{actual}} + 20
\]
2. Find the faulty reading at 60ºC actual temperature:
\[
T_{\text{faulty}} = 1.3 \cdot 60 + 20 = 78 + 20 = 98
\]
Therefore, the thermometer will read 98ºC at an actual temperature of 60ºC.
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