Rankers Physics
Topic: Current Electricity
Subtopic: Measuring Devices ( Galvanometer, Voltmeter and Ammeter & Meter Bridge )

An ammeter is to be constructed which can read currents upto 2.0 A. If the coil has a resistance of 25 Ω and takes 1 mA for full-scale deflection, what should be the resistance of the shunt used?
\[1.25\times 10^{-2}\Omega\]
\[2.5\times 10^{-2}\Omega\]
\[0.5\times 10^{-2}\Omega\]
\[10^{-2}\Omega\]

Solution:

To construct an ammeter that can read currents up to

2.0A2.0 \, \text{A}

, we need to calculate the resistance of the shunt. Here's the step-by-step calculation:

  1. Full-scale current through the coil:
    The coil takes 1mA=103A1 \, \text{mA} = 10^{-3} \, \text{A} 

    for full-scale deflection.

  2. Remaining current through the shunt:
    When the total current is 2.0A2.0 \, \text{A} 

    , the current through the shunt is: 

    Is=ItotalIc=2.0103=1.999A.I_s = I_{\text{total}} - I_c = 2.0 - 10^{-3} = 1.999 \, \text{A}. 

  3. Voltage across the coil:
    The resistance of the coil is 25Ω25 \, \Omega 

    . Using Ohm's law, the voltage across the coil is: 

    Vc=IcRc=(103)(25)=0.025V.V_c = I_c R_c = (10^{-3})(25) = 0.025 \, \text{V}. 

  4. Resistance of the shunt:
    The voltage across the shunt must equal the voltage across the coil: 

    Vs=Vc=0.025V.V_s = V_c = 0.025 \, \text{V}.Using Ohm's law for the shunt:

     

    Rs=VsIs=0.0251.9991.25×102Ω.R_s = \frac{V_s}{I_s} = \frac{0.025}{1.999} \approx 1.25 \times 10^{-2} \, \Omega. 

Thus, the resistance of the shunt is:

 

1.25×102Ω.\boxed{1.25 \times 10^{-2} \, \Omega.}

 

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