Rankers Physics
Topic: Current Electricity
Subtopic: Measuring Devices ( Galvanometer, Voltmeter and Ammeter & Meter Bridge )

A milliammeter of range 10 mA has a coil of resistance 1 Ω. To use it as an ammeter of range 1 A, the required shunt must have a resistance of:
1/101 Ω
1/100 Ω
1/99 Ω
1/9 Ω

Solution:

To solve this, we need to determine the shunt resistance (

RSR_S

) required to extend the range of the milliammeter from 10 mA to 1 A.

Key Points:

  1. Milliammeter Current and Resistance:
    • Maximum current through the milliammeter coil:
      Im=10mA=0.01AI_m = 10 \, \text{mA} = 0.01 \, \text{A}
       

      ,

    • Resistance of the milliammeter coil:
      Rm=1ΩR_m = 1 \, \Omega
       

      .

  2. Total Current for the Ammeter:
    • The total current to be measured by the modified ammeter:
      I=1AI = 1 \, \text{A}
       

      .

  3. Shunt Current:
    • The shunt carries the remaining current,
      IS=IIm=1A0.01A=0.99AI_S = I - I_m = 1 \, \text{A} - 0.01 \, \text{A} = 0.99 \, \text{A}
       

      .

  4. Voltage Across Shunt and Milliammeter:
    • The shunt is connected in parallel with the milliammeter, so the voltage across them is the same:
      Vm=VS.V_m = V_S.
       
  5. Ohm's Law:
    • Voltage across the milliammeter:
      Vm=ImRm=0.011=0.01V.V_m = I_m \cdot R_m = 0.01 \cdot 1 = 0.01 \, \text{V}.
       
    • Voltage across the shunt:
      VS=ISRS=0.01V.V_S = I_S \cdot R_S = 0.01 \, \text{V}.
       
  6. Solve for Shunt Resistance (
    RSR_S
     

    ):

    • From the voltage equation:
      RS=VSIS=0.010.99=199Ω.R_S = \frac{V_S}{I_S} = \frac{0.01}{0.99} = \frac{1}{99} \, \Omega.
       

Final Answer:

The required shunt resistance is:

 

199Ω.\boxed{\frac{1}{99} \, \Omega}.

 

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