NEET Physics Question - Thermal Physics

Assertion (A): Internal energy of real gas is always negative at absolute zero temperature.

Reason (R): Potential energy of a bounded system is negative.

Both (A) & (R) are true and the (R) is the correct explanation of the (A)

Both (A) & (R) are true but the (R) is not the correct explanation of the (A)

(A) is true but (R) is false

Both (A) and (R) are false

Solution:

At absolute zero, kinetic energy is minimal (zero for ideal gas). For a real gas, attractive intermolecular forces mean potential energy is negative (relative to infinite separation). So, total internal energy is negative. Thus, (A) is true. (R) is also true, as attractive forces in a bounded system lead to negative potential energy. (R) explains (A).

Rankers Physics

Real Gas Internal Energy at Absolute Zero

Solution:

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