NEET Physics Question - Thermal Physics

Assertion (A): It is possible for both the pressure and volume of a monoatomic ideal gas of a given amount to change simultaneously without causing the internal energy of the gas to change.

Reason (R): The internal energy of an ideal gas of a given amount remains constant if temperature does not change. It is possible to have a process in which pressure and volume are changed such that temperature remains constant.

Both (A) & (R) are true and the (R) is the correct explanation of the (A)

Both (A) & (R) are true but the (R) is not the correct explanation of the (A)

(A) is true but (R) is false

Both (A) and (R) are false

Solution:

Concept: Internal energy of an ideal gas depends only on temperature.
Formula: For ideal gas, \( U = f(T) \). For monoatomic, \( U = \frac{3}{2} nRT \). Isothermal process implies \( T \) is constant.
Solution: If \( U \) is constant, then \( T \) is constant. An isothermal process allows simultaneous change in \( P \) and \( V \) while \( T \) (and thus \( U \)) remains constant. Reason correctly explains this.

Rankers Physics

Internal Energy and Isothermal Process

Solution:

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