Reason (R): The centripetal force is provided by the frictional force between the tyre and the road.
Solution:
For a vehicle to take a safe turn on a flat road, the required centripetal force \( (mv^2/r) \) must be provided by the static frictional force between the tires and the road. This frictional force has a limiting maximum value \( f_{s,max} = \mu_s N \). Therefore, for a safe turn, the centripetal force must be less than or equal to this limiting frictional force.
Both (A) and (R) are true, and (R) correctly explains (A).
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