7. A small signal voltage $V(t) = V_0 \sin \omega t$ is applied across an ideal capacitor C : (2016 - I)

Current $I(t)$ lags voltage $V(t)$ by $90^\circ$

Over a full cycle the capacitor C does not consume any energy from the voltage source

Current $I(t)$ is in phase with voltage $V(t)$

Current $I(t)$ leads voltage $V(t)$ by $180^\circ$

Solution:

For an ideal capacitor, the phase difference between current and voltage is $\phi = 90^\circ$ (current leads voltage).
The average power consumed over a full cycle is $P_{avg} = V_{rms} I_{rms} \cos(90^\circ) = 0$.
Since average power is zero, the capacitor does not consume any energy from the voltage source over a complete cycle.

Rankers Physics

7. A small signal voltage $V(t) = V_0 \sin \omega t$ is applied across an ideal capacitor C : (2016 - I)

Solution:

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